Transfer sheets and means and combinations thereof



A. DRITZ June 23, 1964 TRANSFER SHEETS AND MEANS AND COMBINATIONS THEREOF Filed Feb. 10, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.4

R m m. VZ n R D R U H T R A ATTORNEY June 23, 1964 A. DRITZ 3,138,515

TRANSFER SHEETS AND MEANS AND COMBINATIONS THEREOF Filed Feb. 10, 1959 s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ARTHUR DRITZ ATTORNEY A. DRITZ June 23, 1964 TRANSFER SHEETS AND MEANS AND COMBINATIONS THEREOF 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 10, 1959 FIG. 16

PROPRIETOR ART HU R DR 1 T Z BY Sm,

ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,133,515 TRANSFER SHEETS AND MEANS AND CUMBINATEQNS TFEREQF Arthur Dritz, 1115 Broadway, New York 10, N.Y. Filed Feb. 10, 1959, Ser. No. 792,402 18 Claims. (Cl. 161 -14-6) This invention relates to transfer sheets and means and combinations thereof and more particularly to sheet materials carrying compositions adapted to be transferred to other sheet materials which affect the surface of the latter and means for effecting such transfer.

In the prior art, there has been wide use of carbon paper for transfer of markings from a dress or analogous pattern to textiles, cloth, etc. from which a dress or other article of apparel is to be made. Such carbon paper has generally consisted of a thin paper web to which a waxy composition containing a dye or other marking composition has been applied. When the carbon is placed with the waxed surface in contact with the cloth and pressure applied as from a stylus, the waxy composition is transferred to the cloth. Thus, if the lines of a garment pattern are traced through the carbon paper, the cloth may be out along the lines of the pattern.

While such operations have been widely used in the prior art, they involve difficulties as well as unsatisfactory effects that materially limit their efficacy. Thus the pressure which must be used to effect transfer of the pattern results in the waxy material being forced into the cloth to which transfer is being made with resultant marking or soiling of the cloth with materials that frequently cannot be readily removed. In addition where the cloth or textile is of heavy weight, there may be distortion of the pattern 'so that when the cloth is cut and assembled, the cloth pieces do not always fit together as they should.

In addition where doubled carbon paper is placed between two layers of cloth, the pressure available is not always sufiicient to cause transfer of the pattern with uniformity and distinctness. Furthermore, when attempts are made to transfer patterns to plastic as of synthetic fibers by such prior art practices, the pressure required to effect transfer may leave indentations, impressions or deformations in the synthetic fibers which are unsightly or interfere with proper garment assembly.

Further, there were limitations on the types of compositions which could be employed for transfer sheets of this type both from the standpoint of compatibility with the wax composition and their compatibility with the textile or other sheet to which transferis being made.

Among the objects of the present invention is the utilization of transfer media which eliminate the necessity for pressure-induced transfer by the utilization of transfer sheet material from which the marking composition or any other compositions are contained in cells or in encapsulated condition andreleased by puncture of the cell or capsule walls into direct contact with the cloth or other sheet material to which the transfer is to be made.

Other objects include such transfer sheets in which a multiplicity of compositions of different character may be carried on a single transfer sheet and released simultaneously for conjoint action of such different compositions on the sheet material to which transferred or with one another to affect surface modification.

Other objects include such transfer sheets in which a multiplicity of compositions of different character may be carried on a single transfer sheet and the different compositions released successively on the sheet material for action on the sheet material to which transferred or with one another to affect surface modification.

Further objects include piercing implements for effecting puncture of the cells or capsules to release the compositions therefrom.

Further objects include combination of such implements with transfer paper that mutually cooperate to give the results desired and packaged in combination in kits or distributed separately.

Still further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the more detailed disclosure set forth below, it being understood that such more detailed disclosure is given by way of illustration and explanation only, and not by way of limitation since various changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

7 In connection with that more detailed description the drawings show the following.

FIGURE 1 shows a perspective view of the transfer of a composition from a transfer sheet to a second or receptor sheet by utilization of the present invention.

FIGURE 2 is a tool utilized in such transfer.

FIGURE 3 is a section through superposed transfer sheets and receptor sheets to receive surface modification therefrom with the piercing implement positioned to effect transfer.

FIGURE 4 isa section through a single transfer sheet between two receptor sheets.

FIGURE 5 is a section on line 5-5 of FIGURE 4.

' FIGURE 6 is a modified form of tool, partly in section.

FIGURE 7 is a further modification of piercing tool shown in fragmentary sectional detail.

FIGURE 8 is a section showing use of a modified form of transfer sheet using cells containing a surface affective composition, superposed upon a receptor sheet.

FIGURE 9 is a section through a modified form of transfer sheet comprising a sandwich of layers of puncturable sheet material with cells formed between them for the surface affective composition.

FIGURE 10 is a section through a modified form of transfer sheet comprising a sandwich of layers of frangible material containing encapsulated surface affecting composition between them, the layers being separated by pellets of larger size than the capsules.

FIGURE 11 is a section through a modified transfer sheet ,one surface of which is coated with flake material transferable to a receptor sheet.

FIGURE 12 is a fragmentary sectional view of a sheet having cells or capsules containing surface modifying composition under pressure.

FIGURE 13 is a section through transfer sheets with a receptor sheet between them where the surface modifying composition is under pressure.

FIGURE 14 is a section through a sandwich type transfer sheet having embossed cells carrying surface modifying composition under pressure.

FIGURE 15 is a fragmentary section through a sandwich type transfer sheet as shown in FIGURE 14 for affecting superposed receptor sheets.

FIGURE 16 is a perspective view of a package including the tool and transfer sheets.

In accordance with the present invention, a transfer sheet is employed which is frangible to permit transfer of surface modifying composition from such sheet to a receptor sheet, a piercing implement desirably being used to release and transfer the modifying composition. Thus the invention includes particular forms of such implements for use in connection therewith and particular types of transfer sheets carrying cells or capsules containing the surface modifying composition as well as combinations of such implements and transfer sheets in packages such as unitary kits. Thus as shown in FIGURE 1, receptor sheet 1 has transfer sheet 2 placed thereover, 3 illustrating a linear series of individual cells or capsules 4 on sheet 2, with implement 5 for piercing through sheet 2 to release surface modifying composition from punctured cells or capsules 4 upon receptor sheet 1.

While any type of puncturing implement may be employed, that will serve the purposes in hand, types particularly useful in this connection are illustrated. Thus in FIGURE 2 handle 6 carries wheel 7 mounted for rotation on axial pin 8 held in cars 9 attached to handle 6. Wheel 7 is provided with a multiplicity of spaced radial pointed piercing elements 10 which are thereby adapted to move over a fiat surface with successive piercing elements 9 moving into successive spaced piercing position. The position between piercing elements 9 will be such as to pierce successive cells or capsules to release therefrom surface modifying composition. The distance between piercing elements may be varied to be selective of cells or capsules where the latter include two or three or more series containing different compositions arranged in a predetermined pattern whereby the implement may in a first passage pierce or puncture only one series con taining the same composition, in a second passage puncture a second series containing only the second type of composition, and so on, as more particularly described below depending on the predetermined pattern of filled cells or capsules. Or the cells or capsules may be arranged to permit two or more series of compositions to be released separately or simultaneously for conjoint action.

Instead of using a piercing implement with a multiplicity of piercing elements, a single piercing element may be used as shown for example in FIGURE 6. In this case, handle 11 has socket 12 within which piercing element 13 is mounted for reciprocating movement. The latter has piercing end 14 extending outwardly while on its inner end, seat 14 is desirably used to engage against collar 15 while compression spring 16 in socket 12 normally urges piercing element 13 outwardly. Such piercing element may be used to puncture cells or capsules of surface modifying composition in seriatim in any selected order or arrangement desired.

The general utilization of such implements is shown in FIGURE 3. Here two surfaces are being treated simultaneously. Receptor sheets 17, 18 which may be separate sheets or a doubled-over single sheet, are placed between transfer sheets 19, 20 having cells or capsules 21, 22 carried between backing layers of puncturable sheet material 23. A sheet 24 carrying a pattern such as a dress pattern or other design may serve as the guide for the puncturing element. Piercing element 25 punctures cells or capsules whereby the surface modifying composition is transferred to receptor sheets 17, 18 in a selected pattern as will be more particularly described below.

As shown in FIGURE 4, a single transfer sheet 26 having backing layers 30, 31 and carrying cells or capsules 27, 28, 2 is placed between receptor sheets 32, 33. Pattern 34 may serve as a guide and 35 a backing layer. Cells or capsules 27, 28, 29 may be arranged in any order or design and may, for example, be in triads with every third cell or capsule being a series of 27, and intervening series of 28 and 29. If the piercing implement of FIG- URE 2 is employed with piercing elements 10 adapted to step off distances for cells or capsules 27 only, by starting on 27, movement of the wheel will puncture cells or capsules 27 only. Similarly by starting on 28, only 28 type cells or capsules will be punctured; and similarly for cells or capsules 29. If now the cells or capsules of any series are filled with a composition different from that of each of the other series, it is possible to apply selected types of composition to the receptor sheet successively.

As illustrative of utilization of such selective action, We may assume that it is desired to apply three markings of different colors. Series 27 may be one color, series 28 another, and series 29 a third. By successive piercing of each series, successive marking in differentiated color will thus be obtained.

Or let us assume that a marking previously applied is to be removed or any other cleaning or removal operation carried out. Series 27 may contain an abrasive or other composition to pretreat the surface, series 28 a cleaning solvent, and series 29 an absorbent. By successive piercing operations, the abrasive or other pretreatment agent may first be released, utilized functionally, the solvent series then released, and subsequently the absorbent series pierced to release absorbent and remove excess solvent. Any analogous combinations may be used. Or, walls of one series may be made weaker than those of all the other series so that by piercing or fracture, the first surface treatment composition is released; the second series then having walls weaker than the final Series so that the second series may release their contents upon fracture or puncture; followed by the third series release. Such series of treating agents may be utilized in any of the modified forms of transfer sheets described herein. In some cases, if desired, the transfer material may carry indicia to indicate different species of surface modifying compositions. Thus rows of pretreatment agent may be marked with a letter P, solvent with a letter S, and absorbent with a letter A; or numerals 1, 2 and 3 employed in colors matching coloring agents to be released, so that selection as desired may be assured.

FIGURE 7 shows a further modified form of piercing implement particularly useful in connection with transfer to plastic receptor sheets or to textiles made of synthetic resinous fibers or mixed fibers containing such synthetic resinous fibers. This type of piercing implement is a modification of the Wheel type implement of FIGURE 6. In this form the wheel is made with a hollow core communicating with a hollow channel in each radial piercing element, so that a solvent or other surface modifying material may be delivered at the time of piercing of a receptor sheet to the point of piercing in order to soften the plastic or other material. Thus, in FIGURE 7, wheel 10 has hollow core 11' adapted to contain absorbent material 12 which may be saturated with acetone or other solvent or softening agent for plastic receptor sheet 13'. Where the latter is cellulose acetate, acetone may desirably be used but the nature of the solvent or softening agent will depend on the plastic to be affected and the degree of softening desired. Absorbent material 14 may be desirably placed in each hollow piercing element 15. One face of the wheel has an opening 16' for injection of acetone or other solvent or softening agent into absorbent 12' to replenish evaporated or distributed solvent, etc. Receptor sheet 13' is shown with a facing film 17 of sheet cellulose acetate to which encapsulated surface marking composition 18' is attached. Encapsulated transfor sheets are particularly described below. In this modification, as a piercing element contacts sheet 17', a small amount of acetone is deposited and rapidly softens the plastic to facilitate penetration without pressure.

Any type of puncturable material may be used for the transfer sheet. It may be paper, thin cardboard, textile or cloth, plastic, nylon, polyethylene, etc., woven natural or synthetic fibers of any kind, or mixed fibers, or thin metal foil or anything else suitable for releasing encapsulated surface marking compositions or other arrangements described below. Not all such materials will necessarily be useful in every transfer operation and it may be desirable to select a particular sheet substance for particular operations. Similarly the surface modifying composition or compositions may be dependent on the utilization desired. For modifying the surface of plastic, a different type of surface marking composition may be utilized from that for a textile. But there is no limitation on the form of composition that can be employed. Liquids, suspensions, emulsions, colloidal solutions, pastes, powders, dye solutions, etc. may be employed. Such surface marking and other surface modifying compositions of great variety are available in the art and purchasable on the market, and any of them may be employed for present purposes. Thus chalk, Canadian talc, aluminum silicate and magnesium silicate are exemplary of marking compositions that may be used. So, too, dye solutions and stains, both of water soluble and oil soluble types, may be used as now available on the market. The solutions may be formed in volatile solvents so that upon release, the solvent evaporates and deposits the solute for marking or other purposes. Thus, acetone solutions of an acetone soluble dye may be used for surface marking of a plastic or synthetic resinous fiber or textile where the acetone attacks the material of the plastic or fiber or textile, e.g. plastics that are attacked by acetone. Any of the compositions available on the market, such as inks, dyes, etc. for marking plastics may be used.

The compositions for marking the surface of receptor sheets may include materials that are easily removed from the particular receptor sheet in use. Particularly, where as in connection with the use of multiple series of different compositions as explained above, one series may contain a composition for temporary marking that is easily removed by either chemical or mechanical action, while another includes a composition that gives permanent marking that is removed only with difficulty.

Any of these compositions may be employed in encapsulated form with the capsules distributed on backing or other sheet material. Such encapsulated compositions applied to backing material to produce transfer sheets or really a form of carbon paper are available on the market. As exemplary of such encapsulated products the following is illustrative. Any desired marking or other surface modifying composition in liquid form is converted into microscopic particulate size and each particle or droplet coated as with a thin layer of gelatin. The droplets or particles may vary in size depending on their manner of utilization. They may be as small as a millionth of an inch or they may be much larger. The fine particles are tiny capsules, are dry to the touch, though they may consist of say 50 to 70% liquid for example in 50 to 30% coating. The droplets depending on the coating used protect the liquid or other encapsulated material. Any material used or usable in the art for making capsules may be employed here.

Transfer or carbon paper made with encapsulated materials or compositions are available on the market. Thus one such paper has a light clay coating on one surface and a coating of encapsulated material on the other, and has the appearance and feel of ordinary paper. Such paper may be used in the manner illustrated in connection with FIGURES 3 and 4 above. The fracture of the capsules releases a very small quantity of encapsulated oil that reacts with the clay to form a colored impression such as a bright blue color. Adhesives and other surface modifying materials may be utilized in similar manner.

Instead of using encapsulated materials, other types of transfer media may be employed. Thus a sheet of paper or other puncturable sheet material such as metal foil of aluminum or other kind as explained above, including nylon, polyethylene, etc. may be embossed or otherwise treated to provide a multiplicity 'of depressions or cells or pockets, the depressions or cells or pockets filled with any desired surface modifying composition, and a paper or foil or other liner then applied and secured as by adhesive or otherwise to the embossed sheet carrying the surface modifying composition to seal the cells or depressions. Actually the filling of the depressions may take place simultaneously with the formation of the depressions. A transfer sheet is thus obtained, which 'may be utilized in the same way as any of the other transfer sheets described herein to mark cloth or plastic sheet, or synthetic fiber textiles, etc. The size of the depressions or cells or pockets may depend on the kind of surface modifying composition and the type of marking or other effect to be produced. Thus where a line or series of linear placed dots is to be made on a receptor sheet, the depressions or cells may be quite minute such as a few mills in diameter and depth so that a narrow surface marking is produced. On the other hand where the surface modifying composition is a dry cleaner type of material and larger volumes may desirably be applied the depressions or pockets or cells may be relatively larger such as an eighth of an inch in diameter and depth, but they may be smaller or larger depending on circumstances.

In this connection, as shown in FIGURE 8, two receptor sheets 36, 37 may be placed between embossed transfer sheets 38, 39 having cells 40, 41 respectively, containing surface modifying composition 42 which may be powder, liquid, paste, etc., sealed by backing sheet 43, 44. Two receptor sheets may be marked in this way simultaneously. Composition 42 may be the same in all depressions or cells, or series of different compositions may be used in predetermined pattern as explained above for other transfer sheets. The piercing element, as 45, will pierce cells in both the upper and lower transfe'r sheets and the composition will move out, or the pressure produced by entry of the piercing element will force out the marking composition on to the receptor sheets, 36, 37. The receptor sheets may be natural or synthetic fiber textiles, or cloth, paper, plastic, nylon, polyethylene, cellulose ester, such as cellulose acetate, cellulose ethers, etc.. metal foil or any of the materials described above for making transfer sheets. Any of the other expedients referred to herein may be used for these or any of the other types of transfer sheets described herein.

These puncturable transfer sheets enable any of a great variety of compositions for surface modification to be employed such as dyes, inks, cleaners, abrasives, aints, or other types of coating compositions to be employed in any state such as liquids, solids, pastes, etc. described above. But great flexibility of composition is available and thus permits the type of composition to be tailored to the particular use being made or with respect to the surface being marked or otherwise modified. There is essentially no limitation on composition or surface modification or character of surface material to be affected and various cornbinations may be employed as illustrated herein. When cells or pockets or depressions are used, these may be filled with encapsulated compositions or unencapsula'ted materials.

A further modification of transfer sheet is illustrated in FIGURE 9 where a sandwich is made of paper or other sheets, such as 46, 47 separated by crossed lines of ad hesive 48 which serve to hold sheets 46, 47 together as well as to form cells 49 in which surface modifying composition 50 is placed. The composition in cells 49 and sheets 46, 47 may be used or modified in any of the Ways set forth herein for other transfer sheets. The lines or ribs of adhesive may be of very small height to make the cells of extremely small size or larger as pointed out above in connection with other modifications. p

Another form of transfer sheet is illustrated in FIG- URE 10 where paper or other sheets 51, 52 are separated by small pellets or balls 53 arranged rectilinearly or other- Wise to form cells or pockets 54 in which surface modifying composition 55 is placed as, for example, in en capsulated form as explained above. Pellets or balls 53 are desirably of a size larger than the capsules so that on the face of the transfer sheet that is to contact receptor sheet or cloth 56, the more frangible capsules 55 are kept out of direct contact with the receptor 56. In this way there is less chance of accidental surface marking where not desired.

In the further modification shown in FIGURE 11, sheet 57 of paper or other desired material may carry a surface marking composition 58 in flake form such as chalk, talc, etc. with ribs 59 on sheet 57 to space the transfer sheet away from a receptor sheet such as cloth 60 having backing 61. Penetration of piercing element 62 will transfer a flake to the cloth and a repetitive operation will delineate a line or other pattern desired. Ribs 59 may be of resin, lacquer, dried adhesive, rubber, or any other material arranged rectilinearly or otherwise. Here, as in all other modifications of transfer sheets, any of the expedients, structures, and arrangements described for any one form may be used with any other form where desired or appropriate.

When desired, the surface modifying composition whether encapsulated or not, may be used in the cells, pockets or depressions and sealed therein under pressure, so that when the cell wall or capsule is pierced, positive ejection of the composition will take place. The pressure in the sealed cell, depression, or pocket may be obtained in any desired way. Thus the composition may be in the form of an aerosol wherein the liquid or paste is charged with a gas such as CO and sealed while in charged condition. Or the composition may be of a self-foaming type to generate gas after the cells or depressions are charged. There are a wide variety of such aerosols or foaming compositions available on the market that may be used in conjunction with a surface modifying component or composition as taught herein above. Or the composition may be sealed into the cells or pockets or capsules while under gas pressure. Or pressure may be obtained by contraction of the encapsulating film, which contraction may be accomplished during the drying process. In the case of the sandwich arrangement, in which the powder or liquid is included in small embossed sections, laminated together as shown above, the pressure may be obtained by a simple operation that will compress the two layers tightly. Any penetration or piercing of a cell Wall or capsule wall will release the composition, the cell or capsule bursting like a toy balloon to impel or propel the marking or other composition toward and upon the cloth or other receptor sheet. These various modifications are illustrated in FIGURES 12 to of the drawings.

Referring to FIGURE 12, this is a fragmentary detail in section showing sheet 63 carrying capsules 64 of surface modifying composition 65 held within capsule wall 66 under pressure of gas 67 which may be compressed air. If the coating composition is of such character that it might be affected by air, carbon dioxide may be used, or any inert gas such as nitrogen. Since the capsule wall is thin and relatively rigid, it will shatter upon puncture. As shown, when punctured by point 68 of a piercing implement, the marking material or other surface modifying composition is forced out of the pierced capsule in the direction desired toward a receptor sheet.

This is shown in FIGURE 13. Transfer sheets 69, 70 carrying capsules 71, 72 of encapsulated surface modifying composition 73, 74, are placed on each side of cloth or other receptor sheet 75 to be marked or otherwise modified. The upper transfer sheet may carry encapsulated composition not under pressure since upon piercing by point 76 the upper portion of the capsule 77 adjacent sheet 69 seals about the point so that there is substantially no escape of composition upwardly, but penetration of the lower wall at 78 results in composition '73 running out upon receptor cloth 75. In the lower transfer sheet 70,

capsules 72 carry surface modifying composition 74 under pressure as shown at 79 utilizing compressed air for example. When point 80 penetrates a capsule in the lower transfer sheet, there is no immediate expulsion of the composition since the point adjacent upper wall 81 of the capsule is still effectively sealed by the wall of the capsule against the point while a rigid surface 82 which may be a table top or a nonpuncturable sheet prevents further piercing of the capsule. Upon withdrawal of point 80 as shown in FIGURE 12, the pressure forces the composition, which desirably may be flowable, up into contact with cloth 75. Thus where non-pressurized capsules are used in the upper transfer sheet and pressurized capsules in the lower transfer sheet, the point of the needle penetrating the top would seal itself so that no marking material would be ejected in the wrong direction. As the needle penetrates further the marking material is forced out at the proper point. In the case of the marking layer underneath the cloth, the point of the needle stops at the table and does not penetrate. However, when the point is withdrawn, the larger opening at the top causes the marking material to be ejected upward against the cloth.

FIGURE 14 shows a section through a transfer sheet of the type of FIGURE 7 above, where backing sheet 83 seals embossed sheet 84 having cells 85 formed therein and containing surface modifying composition 86 under pressure of gas or otherwise produced. Such transfer sheets may if desired contain the composition in uncapsulated condition, but desirably it may be encapsulated as explained above with the gas pressure sealed in at the time of encapsulation. Thus carbon or transfer sheets now available on the market may be used for production of transfer sheets as shown in FIGURE 13 except that encapsulation takes place with the composition under pressure.

FIGURE 15 illustrates both upper and lower transfer sheets carrying surface modifying composition used for application to twin receptor sheets. Thus transfer sheets 87, 88 carry cells 89, 90 containing surface marking composition 91, 92 under pressure of compressed air 93, 94 between which sheets are cloth receptors 95, 96, supported on rigid surface 97. Penetration by element 98 results in surface marking as explained above in connection with FIGURE 12.

FIGURE 16 shows a package or kit P containing a piercing tool 6 and a group of transfer sheets 1 both in accord with the present invention and sold commercially as cooperating entities. The transfer sheets include any of the types disclosed herein including puncturable sheets having cells carrying a surface modifying composition. The piercing tool successively presents piercing points to the cells to release the surface modifying compositions on to a receptor sheet in contact with the transfer sheet, such packages offer useful commercial entities that mutually cooperate since the tool may have the points spaced to liberate selected material, all as explained herein.

Any of the modifications as to transfer sheet, receptor sheet, composition, etc., explained above for use in connection with FIGURES 1 to 10 may be employed with the pressure encapsulated transfer sheets of FIGURES 12 to 15.

The present invention enables wide utility and results in new functions and effects. Use may be made of marking, coating, and other treating and modifying compositions already on the market such as dye compositions, inks, etc. available for printing on plastics, for wider utility in marking or surface modifying a wide variety of receptor material. So too the encapsulated carbon paper or transfer sheets already available, may be utilized in the present invention. But new types of transfer sheets are also within the compass of the present invention. Dress patterns may be readily transferred to desired cloth material without the distortion, inconveniences, difficulties, etc. of conventional prior art practices. Further, such operations may be readily carried out with plastics and textiles of synthetic fibers or mixed. fibers. But new utilities alsobecome possible as in surface ornamentation, coloration, etc. of plastics and other materials. Further, the use. of compositions under pressure opens up a new and wide art inenabling even powders as well as heavier or more viscous. compositions to be utilized. And the utilization. of puncturable transfer sheets and the operation of transfer as aresultof piercing the cell or capsule or pocket of composition also gives new possibilities in the art.

Having thus set forth my invention, I claim:

1. A transfer sheet for application of a cleaning com position to soiled sheet material having a coating of encapsulated compositions adapted to affect sheet material to which the compositions are applied by puncture of the capsules, the encapsulated material including at least two series of capsules containing different compositions adapted to supplement the action of each other when released in contiguous position on said sheet material, in which there are three series of capsules one series containing a material to pretreat the surface, such as an abrasive or chemical, another series containing a cleaning solvent and a third series containing an abosrbent, the capsules of each kind being arranged in a predetermined pattern to permit successive selective release of one kind of composition by puncturing of the capsules.

2. A transfer sheet as set forth in claim 1 in which the capsule walls of the encapsulated abrasives are substantially weaker than the walls of the other kinds of capsules to permit first release of the abrasive, and the capsule walls of the encapsulated solvent are substantially weaker than the walls of the encapsulated absorbent to permit intermediate release of the solvent, followed by final release of the absorbent.

3. A transfer sheet for removal of an initial marking composition from sheet material and its replacement by a different marking composition having a coating of encapsulated compositions adapted to affect sheet material to which the compositions are applied by puncture of the capsules, the encapsulated material including at least two series of capsules containing different compositions adapted to supplement the action of each other when released in contiguous position on said sheet material, in which there are three series of capsules, one series containing a material to pretreat the surface, such as an abrasive or chemical, another series containing a marking composition, and a third series containing an absorbent or fixative, the capsules of each kind being arranged in a predetermined pattern to permit successive selective release of one kind of composition by puncturing of a selected type of capsule.

4. A transfer sheet carrying composition to affect sheet material to which the composition is applied, said transfer sheet comprising a sandwich of at least two layers of frangible sheet material with depressions formed in at least one of said layers, the depressions being sealed by the other layer in contact therewith to form pockets, the pockets containing the composition adapted to affect the sheet material to which it is applied.

5. A transfer sheet as set forth in claim 4 in which the composition is an encapsulated cloth marking composition.

6. A transfer sheet as set forth in claim 4 in which some of the pockets contain differently colored marking compositions from that in other pockets.

7. A transfer sheet as set forth in claim 6 in which the pockets of the same color are arranged in a predetermined pattern to permit successive selective release of one color of composition.

8. A transfer sheet carrying composition to affect sheet material to which the composition is applied, said transfer sheet comprising a sandwich formed of at least two layers of frangible sheet material held together with separate cells formed between said layers, the cells containing the composition affecting sheet material to which applied 10 when the cell walls are fractured, in which the cells are formed between the; layers of puncturable sheet material by separator ribs of dried adhesive.

9. A transfer sheet as set forth in claim 8 in which some of the cells contain adifferent type of sheet marking composition from that inother cells.

10. A transfer sheet as set forthin claim 9 in which the cells of the same type are arranged in a predetermined patterntopermit successive selective release of one kind only of composition.

11. A transfer sheet carrying composition to affect sheet material to which the composition is applied, said transfer sheet comprising a sandwich formed of at least two layers of frangible sheet material held together with separate cells formed between said layers, the cells containing the composition affecting sheet material to which applied when the cell walls are fractured, in which the cells are formed between the layers of puncturable sheet material by solid capsules interspersed at regular intervals to form walls for the separate cells, the cells containing encapsulated compositions to affect flexible material on which they are released by puncture of the cell walls, the solid capsules being larger than the encapsulated compositions.

12. A transfer sheet carrying composition to affect sheet material to which the composition is applied, said transfer sheet comprising a sandwich formed of at least two layers of frangible sheet material held together with separate cells formed between said layers, the cells containing the composition affecting sheet material to which applied when the cell walls are fractured, in which one of the layers of puncturable sheet material has its outer surface coated with a flake material transferable by the puncture operation to a contiguous sheet material.

13. A puncturable transfer sheet having delineated zones separated by ribs defining said zones, and a coating of flake material in said Zones transferable by a transfer operation to a contiguous sheet material.

14. A transfer sheet having a coating of encapsulated compositions adapted to affect sheet material to which the compositions are applied by puncture of the capsules, the encapsulated material including at least two series of capsules containing different compositions adapted to supplement the action of each other when released in contiguous position on said sheet material, in which the encapsulated material is held under pressure until the capsule is fractured, the pressure then expelling the material.

15. A transfer sheet having a coating of encapsulated marking composition, the marking composition being adapted to be released upon sheet material to be marked by intermittent puncture of the encapsulated material, the encapsulated material including at least two series of different compositions adapted to supplement the action of each other when released in contiguous position on said sheet material, in which the encapsulated material is held under pressure until the capsule is fractured whereupon the pressure expels the encapsulated material.

16. A transfer sheet as set forth in claim 4 in which the composition is held in the depressions under pressure until they are fractured and then expelled by said pressure.

17. A transfer sheet carrying composition to affect sheet material to which the composition is applied, said transfer sheet comprising a sandwich for-med of at least two layers of frangible sheet material held together with separate cells formed between said layers, the cells containing the composition affecting sheet material to which applied when the cell walls are fractured, in which the composition is held in the depressions under pressure until they are fractured and then expelled by said pressure.

18. A transfer sheet carrying encapsulated material releasable upon puncture of the capsules for affecting sheet material to which transferred, the capsules being under pressure until fractured when the pressure release expels the contents of the capsules.

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UNITED STATES PATENTS 365,129 'Heidenhain June 21, 1887 2: 39i 0 648,791 Raynal May 1, 1900 5 2 7 93 874,583 Garret Dec. 24, 1907 2 712 507 1,255,813 Brew Feb. 5, 1918 2,723,920 1,572,837 Betts Feb. 9, 1926 2,730,456 2,442,567 Jesseph June 1, 1948 2,783,172

Green et a1 Apr. 24, 1951 10 2,842,262

12 Buck July 10, 1951 Keller Sept. 23, 1952 Vaughn Oct. 14, 1952 Recht May 26, 1953 Perelson Feb. 2, 1954 Green July 5, 1955 Schwammberger Nov. 15, 1955 Green et a1 Jan. 10, 1956 Avery Feb. 26, 1957 Wismer July 8, 1958 

4. A TRANSFER SHEET CARRYING COMPOSITION TO AFFECT SHEET MATERIAL TO WHICH THE COMPOSITION IS APPLIED, SAID TRANSFER SHEET COMPRISING A SANDWICH OF AT LEAST TWO LAYERS OF FRANGIBLE SHEET MATERIAL WITH DEPRESSIONS FORMED IN AT LEAST ONE OF SAID LAYERS, THE DEPRESSIONS BEING SEALED BY THE OTHER LAYER IN CONTACT THEREWITH TO FORM POCKETS, THE POCKETS CONTAINING THE COMPOSITION ADAPTED TO AFFECT THE SHEET MATERIAL TO WHICH IT IS APPLIED. 